Authors: L. B. KARENGINA, candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor, Yu. L. BAIKIN, candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor, N. V. KANDAKOV, doctor of agricultural sciences, professor, Ural State Agrarian University (42 K. Liebknekhta Str., 620075, Ekaterinburg)
Keywords: humic acids, humates, mineral fertilizers, foliar nutrition, harvest, agronomic and physiological efficiency.
Abstract: In a field experiment, they studied the effect of non-root fertilizing with potassium humate of various concentrations on yield, chemical composition and extraction of nutrients by oats, as well as on the agronomic and physiological effectiveness of fertilizers. It is shown that when spraying oat plants with potassium humate at the end of tillering stage – the beginning of the release into the tube, the total biomass increases, including the grain yield. Nitrogen and potassium from fertilizers were most efficiently consumed by plants with foliar feeding with potassium humate at a concentration of 0.30 %, applied nitrogen was used at 92 %, and potassium at 82 %. An increase in the concentration of humate in the foliar application somewhat reduced fertilizer efficiency. Foliar nutrition of oats with potassium humate increases the payment for a unit of fertilizer with grain. The highest return on fertilizer was obtained with a humate concentration of 0.30 % – 20.4 g/g. The consumption of nutrients during the creation of a unit of yield of 1g of grain with additional feeding with a concentration of potassium humate 0.15 %: amounted to 11 g of nitrogen, 35 g of phosphorus and 20 g of potassium. With an increase in concentration, the extraction of nutrients into a unit of production decreases, which indicates a more rational use of the absorbed nutrient. The degree of utilization of nutrients applied with fertilizers, estimated by the coefficient of absorption efficiency (CEP), demonstrated that nitrogen and potassium from the fertilizers were most efficiently consumed by plants with foliar top dressing with potassium humate at a concentration of 0.30 %: potassium by 82 %.
