Authors:
I. M. DONNIK, doctor of biological sciences, professor, academician of RAS, rector,
B. A. VORONIN, doctor of law, professor, head of the department,
URAL STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY (42 K. Liebknechta, 620075, Ekaterinburg)
Abstract. Modern agricultural industry is the largest biotechnological sector of economy the cornerstone of which is the use of biological objects, plants, animals, microorganisms and biological processes. Increase in efficiency of use of biological potential of agricultural industry now becomes the main task and the main objective of scientific technology development of the whole agro-industrial complex. Among the possible breakthrough directions of agricultural biotechnology is genetic engineering. The purpose of this article consists in the analysis of legal regulation of development of genetic engineering activities in the Russian Federation, including, in the field of production of agricultural products, raw materials and food. It is obvious that problems of wide circulation of GM-plants require theoretical judgment, development of objective methods and criteria for evaluation of risk, integration with other fields of knowledge and, last but not least, the choice of optimum opportunities of wide circulation of the product. It is necessary to understand that transgene biotechnologies in the sphere of agrarian production are intended to increase the income of agricultural producers due to minimization of the expenses and costs directed to fight against different agricultural insects wreckers and natural cataclysms (a drought, floods, salinization of soils, etc.). Besides, agrarian biotechnologies can open ample economic opportunities for domestic agricultural producers. Development of technological progress and development of scientific and methodical recommendations about the increase in volumes of crop production is a necessary condition for resolving many issues. At the same time, when providing the population with agricultural products, it is important that the GM-products didn't make negative impact on health. Therefore, until there is an unambiguous decision on the harmlessness of these products, it is reasonable to increase financing for carrying out scientific experiences with GMO and at the same time to strengthen legal requirements and responsibility in the field of state regulation of genetic engineering activities.
Keywords: genetic engineering activities, agriculture, legal regulation.
