Authors: T. P. GRADOBOEVA, candidate of biological sciences, senior researcher,
Falenskaya breeding station – Federal Agricultural Scientific Center of North-East (3 Timiryazev str., 612500, s. Falenki, Falenskij district, Kirov region; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.).
Abstract. Ascochyta leaf spot, which agent is Ascochyta pinodes Jones – is one of the most spread and harmful diseases of pea. Injuriousness of ascochyta leaf spot in Kirov region increases in relation with changing weather conditions. Main way of fight with the disease within modern complex of methods is crop breeding for tolerance. Success of breeding depends on knowledge about regularities of change of specie’s populations. For study, 750 monosporous isolates of fungi were used selected from populations’ samples collected in different districts of Kirov region. Identification of pathogen races was produced with six varieties-differentiators. As a result of analysis of this clones 20 physiological races of A. pinodes was found. Falenskaya and Malmyzhskaya populations were most variable phenotypically consist of 18 and seven races correspondently. The lowest number of races (three) was determined in Slobodskaya and Kumenskaya populations. High variability of races could be explained with high amount of cultivated varieties. There are differences between populations by frequency of pathogen isolates, which are virulent to some varieties-differentiators. Most differences are marked at comparing Falenskaya and Malmyzhskaya, Falenskaya and Kumenskaya populations. Heterogeneity of A. pinodes populations obtained by us on virulence to a set of varietiesdifferentiators, differences by frequency of occurrence of different races, as well as average virulence were taken into account at planning and creation of infectious backgrounds. At estimation on infectious background, resistance to disease agent is found in varieties Е-3923, Е-3542 and Е-246. Level of development of ascochyta leaf spot on these varieties was 13.4, 17.6, and 18.1 % respectively. This trait was more stable in varieties Е-3923 (V = 25.1 %), Е-411 (V = 30.3 %) and Е-3598 (V = 31.3 %).
Keywords: pea, Ascochyta pinodes, populations, races, virulence, infectious background.
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