R. A. Volkov
Kazan State Agrarian University, Kazan, Russia
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Volume 25 No. 11
Date of paper submission: 31.05.2025, date of review: 19.09.2025, date of acceptance: 08.10.2025.
Published: 11/30/2025
Abstract. The purpose is evaluate the effect of various doses of a protein-vitamin-mineral probiotic supplement on the histological condition of internal organs in laboratory rats in order to determine the optimal dose for further application in animal husbandry. Methods. The study was conducted on 40 sexually mature male Wistar rats divided into 5 groups. The supplement was administered orally at doses of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g/kg body weight over 30 days. The control group did not receive the supplement. At the end of the experiment, animals were subjected to necropsy and organ collection (liver, kidneys, spleen, skeletal muscles, intestine, testes). Tissues were fixed, embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and according to the Romanowsky – Giemsa method. Histological analysis assessed structural changes in tissues, microcirculation status, signs of inflammation, regeneration, and dystrophic processes. Results. The most pronounced positive morphological changes were observed when the supplement was administered at a dose of 1.5 g/kg. Improved microcirculation, reduced granular dystrophy of hepatocytes, normalization of renal tubular structure, activation of the immune response (due to lymphoid tissue hyperplasia in the spleen), and development of the intestinal villus-crypt system were noted. No negative impact on the reproductive system was detected. Scientific novelty. For the first time, a comprehensive histological study demonstrated the dose-dependent effect of the probiotic supplement and identified a dose of 1.5 g/kg as the most effective for improving the structural and functional state of organs. The obtained data expand understanding of the mechanisms of action of probiotics combined with vitamins, minerals, and bentonite, and open prospects for their use in animal husbandry to enhance productivity and organismal resilience to stress factors.
Keywords: white rats, feed additives, histology, morphology, probiotic, synbiotic, bentonite, immune system
Acknowledgments. The study was carried out at the expense of a grant from the Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, provided to young candidates of science (postdoctoral students) for the purpose of defending a doctoral dissertation, carrying out research work, and also performing work functions in scientific and educational organizations of the Republic of Tatarstan within the framework of the State Program of the Republic of Tatarstan “Scientific and Technological Development of the Republic of Tatarstan”.
For citation: Volkov R. A. The influence of various doses of protein-vitamin-mineral probiotic supplement on the histological condition of organs in white rats. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2025; 25 (11): 1842‒1854. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2025-25-11-1842-1854 (In Russ.)
Download the full text of the article
