Authors:
I. V. Safonova,
N. I. Aniskov
Federal Research Center “All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N. I. Vavilov”, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Abstract. Among all the grain crops cultivated in the Northwestern region of the Russian Federation, very little attention is paid to rye, which is adapted to a number of adverse factors. The purpose of this work – at this stage of the study is to identify competitive rye varieties with a high protein content in grain, adaptive to the conditions of the region, to ensure the production of food, full-fledged feed and for technical purposes. Methods. The subject of the study were nine samples of winter diploid rye (S. cereale L. var. vulgare Koern.). The standard was the Era variety. In order to obtain an objective assessment of adaptability, the following indicators were calculated: stability index stability, stability index, range of protein content, stress resistance coefficient, stability level, homeostaticity, parameter of breeding value, coefficient of ecological plasticity, stability indicator, criterion of stability, stability factor, genotypic effect, index of ecological plasticity. Results. A comparative analysis of the use of the above indicators allowed us to conclude that in order to identify an objective characteristic of the adapted capabilities of the samples, a number of indicators should be used: stability index, stress resistance coefficient, stability level indicator, breeding value, stability indicator, stability factor, index of environmental plasticity. The scientific novelty lies in the comparative evaluation of rye samples by grain quality and the identification of the most high-protein ones. The high protein level was formed in 2022 by the following varieties: Moskovskaya 18 (13.7 %), Novosibirskaya 17 (13.6 %), Sudarushka (13.6 %), Flora (13.7 %), Grafinya (13.1 %). According to the average indicators for the study period, a high degree of protein content was detected in the samples: Talovskaya 45, Novosibirskaya 17, Sudarushka, Era. The calculations used by us have established that the highest level of stability, plasticity and adaptability in terms of grain quality content is inherent in rye varieties: Talovskaya 45, Moskovskaya 18, Sudarushka, Saratovskaya 10.
Keywords: winter rye, grain quality, stability, homeostaticity, selection value, stability index, stability factor, ecological plasticity index
Acknowledgments. The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment according to the thematic plan of VIR FGEM-2022-0009 “Structuring and revealing the potential of hereditary variability of the world collection of grain and cereal crops of VIR for the development of an optimized gene bank and rational use in breeding and plant growing.”
For citation: Safonova I. V., Aniskov N. I. Grain quality level and differentiation of winter rye samples by adaptive capacity in the Northwestern Federal district. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2024; 24 (10): 1289‒1301. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-10-1289-1301. (In Russ.)
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