I. Yu. Potoroko1, A. A. Ruskina1 , A. V. Malinin1 , A. Yа. Leyvi1 , O. P. Neverova2
1 South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
2 Ural State Agrarian University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
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Volume 25 No. 11
Date of paper submission: 17.08.2025, date of review: 23.09.2025, date of acceptance: 23.10.2025.
Published: 11/30/2025
Abstract. As part of global climate change, the most significant risks for farmers have been natural extreme impacts, which are activators for the formation of risks of loss of quality and biosecurity. The most dangerous producers of mycotoxins in cereals are micromycetes of the genus Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium. Almost all mycotoxins present in food and feed are sensitive to abiotic factors, so changes in temperature and humidity entail an increased risk of contamination of grain crops with toxic fungi and their secondary metabolites. The purpose of this work was to study the quality and biosecurity of wheat grain (Triticum aestivum L.) and the possibility of using non-thermal effects of atmospheric cold plasma and low-frequency ultrasound to eliminate the risks of mycotoxin migration into processed products. Methods. To achieve this purpose, the NUZ and AHP-treated wheat samples were examined according to the following NTD indicators: the first block of studies (quality assessment of grain raw materials (color, smell, moisture content, nature, glassiness, drop number, quality and quantity assessment of gluten, quality assessment of bread; the second block of studies (predictive, microbiological indicators): analysis of the biosecurity of grain raw materials, wholemeal flour, gluten, and bread. Predictive studies were conducted using molecular docking analysis and AutoDock 4.2. The scientific novelty of the obtained data is due to the proven effectiveness of using non-thermal effects of cold plasma and ultrasound to ensure the biocompatibility of grain raw materials and the risks of secondary metabolite migration into processed products. Results. The use of non-thermal methods based on atmospheric cold plasma and ultrasound can eliminate the risk of mycotoxin migration into processed products, taking into account the initial quality of the grain raw material.
Keywords: food wheat grain, cold plasma, ultrasound, biosafety, migration of toxigenic micromycetes, gluten complex
Acknowledgements. The research was carried out with the financial support of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (RSF) as part of the 24-16-20028 project.
For citation: Potoroko I. Yu., Ruskina A. A., Malinin A. V., Leyvi A. Yа., Neverova O. P. The influence of nonthermal effects of cold plasma and ultrasound on the quality of grains Triticum aestivum L. processed products and the migration processes of toxigenic micromycetes Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2025; 25 (11): 1886‒1897. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2025-25-11-1886-1897 (In Russ.)
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