F. A. Sagitdinov, I. V. Tkachenko, О. I. Leshonok, N. N. Zezin
Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
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Volume 25 No. 11
Date of paper submission: 23.08.2025, date of review: 21.09.2025, date of acceptance: 02.10.2025.
Published: 11/30/2025
Abstract. Achieving optimal herd reproduction rates is an important way to increase the efficiency of dairy farming. The purpose of the research is to study of reproductive qualities of highly productive cows depending on inherited alleles of the EAB-system blood group. Methods. The studies were conducted on Holstein cattle. Immunogenetic analysis was used to determine blood groups. Scientific novelty. When assessing the relationship between blood groups and productive traits of animals, the marking effect of individual alleles is noted by many researchers. However, the question of the relationship between immunogenetic markers and the reproductive qualities of animals, remains poorly studied. In our research, we analyzed the relationship between the presence of alleles of the EAB-system blood group and the duration of the service and calving interval in Holstein cows. Results. Presented are the results of a study on the influence of ЕАB-system blood group alleles on the duration of the service period and calving interval, the reproductive ability coefficient, as well as the live weight of calves at birth and the sex ratio in the offspring of highly productive Holstein breed cows. The service period was longer by 2.7–11.8 % in animals with alleles В1 I1 , G1 I1 , G2 O1 Y2 , O1 Y1 G'G'' и O1 D'G'Q'. In a structural analysis of the obtained data across three groups represented by the alleles В1 I1 , G1 I1 , and G2 O1 Y2, a trend was noted suggesting a possible negative correlation between these blood group alleles and the duration of the service period in cows. The study found that the average duration of the calving interval in the experimental groups ranged from 369 to 388 days, which complies with zootechnical standards, and the observed intergroup differences were statistically insignificant. An analysis of the reproductive ability coefficient in cows revealed that animals in all groups exhibited high values (95.4–100.0 %), with no significant intergroup differences detected. The average sex ratio in the offspring closely corresponded to zootechnical standards. However, in two groups of cows inheriting the alleles G1 I1 and O4 Y2 A'1 , this ratio was 1 : 0.5 and 1 : 0.6 in favor of bull calves, respectively.
Keywords: cattle, Holstein breed, blood group alleles, service period, calving interval, reproductive efficiency coefficient, live weight of calves
Acknowledgements. The research was conducted in accordance with the theme of the research work “Study of the breeding and genetic characteristics of cattle in the Ural region using biotechnological methods to create new breeding forms of animals with high genetic potential for milk productivity, milk quality, and productive lifespan” (No. 0532-2021-0006).
For citation: Sagitdinov F. A., Tkachenko I. V., Leshonok О. I., Zezin N. N. Reproductive qualities of high-yielding cows depending on the polymorphism of the EAB-system blood group. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2025; 25 (11): 1898‒1907. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2025-25-11-1898-1907 (In Russ.)
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