Authors:
S. L. Vorobyeva,
A. S. Tronina,
V. M. Yudin,
V. V. Ravilov,
O. P. Neverova
Udmurt State Agrarian University, Izhevsk, Russia
Ural State Agrarian University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
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Abstract. The morphometric parameters of different bee breeds were studied in the Udmurt Republic. The purpose of the work was to establish the compliance of the Central Russian, Buckfast and Carnica breeds bred in the Udmurt Republic with the accepted breed standards. Methods. The studies were carried out at a stationary apiary in the Uvinskiy District of the Udmurt Republic. Groups were formed using the pair-analogue method, taking into account the strength of the bee colony, the amount of sealed brood and the design of the hive for 10 colonies of each breed. The morphometric parameters were assessed according to the method of A. A. Alpatov (1948), using a MIKMED-5 binocular microscope and an eyepiece-micrometer ruler, the results of which were compared with the standards of the studied breeds. Scientific novelty. For the first time in the Udmurt Republic, a comparative assessment of the morphometric parameters of different bee breeds was carried out. Results. Morphometric assessment of bees of different breeds revealed that the analyzed bees generally correspond to breed standards, distinctive features of bees of different breeds include the longest proboscis of bees of the Carnica breed (0.29 mm or 4.6 % longer than that of crossbreeds of the Central Russian breed and 0.12 mm or 1.9 % longer than that of bees of the Buckfast breed). Bees of the Central Russian breed are distinguished by the highest cubital index – 60.9 %, which is 18.4–18.6 % more than that of the Carnica and Buckfast breeds, also a distinctive feature in the structure of the bees’ wings is the positive discoidal displacement of imported breeds in comparison with the Central Russian. The structure of the abdomen of bees according to the length and width of the tergites and sternites characterizes the massiveness of the bees’ body and indirectly the size of the honey stomach, so in bees of the three studied breeds it is 10 mm for individuals of the Central Russian breed, 9,8 mm for bees of the Carnica breed and 9.79 mm for bees of the Buckfast breed. The length of these measurements demonstrates greater values with Central Russian breeds, characterizing individuals with a more elongated abdomen.
Keywords: beekeeping, breed, Buckfast, Carnica, Central Russian breed, morphometric parameters, cubital index, proboscis length
Acknowledgments. These studies were conducted within the framework of the Russian Science Foundation grant on the topic of “Study of the genetic diversity of honey bee breeds common in the territory of the Udmurt Republic”, competition “Conducting fundamental scientific research and exploratory scientific research by small individual scientific groups”.
For citation: Vorobyeva S. L., Tronina A. S., Yudin V. M., Ravilov V. V., Neverova O. P. Morphometric indices of honey bees of different breeds in the territory of the Udmurt Republic. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2024; 24 (12): 1684‒1693. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2024-24-12-1684-1693. (In Russ.)
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