L. A. Gudova, A. V. Lekarev, O. A. Polevaya, A. P. Ermakova, K. K. Ermenov
Federal Center of Agriculture Research of the South-East Region, Saratov, Russia
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Volume 25 No. 12
Date of paper submission: 24.03.2025, date of review: 10.06.2025, date of acceptance: 28.07.2025.
Published: 12/31/2025
Abstract. The environmental focus of the created varieties and hybrids is a priority issue, since every year there is an increase in the stress impact on agricultural crops, which negatively affects their growth and development. The purpose of the study is to study the adaptability parameters of sunflower hybrids bred by the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Organization “Federal Center of Agriculture Research of the South-East region” based on the “weight of 1000 seeds” and “oilseed nature” traits. Methodology. The research part was carried out in 2020- 2023 on the experimental field of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Organization “Federal Center of Agriculture Research of the South-East region” (Saratov). The effect of genotype-environment interaction was assessed on 22 sunflower hybrids. The hybrids were placed on six-row plots with an area of 25 m2 . The placement of varieties and hybrids was randomized. The ecological plasticity and stability of the experimental material were assessed using the method of S. A. Eberhart, W. A. Russell. The multiplicative coefficient according to V. A. Dragavtsev and homeostaticity according to V. V. Khangildin were used as additional criteria for assessing the adaptability of varieties and hybrids. Results. Assessment of sunflower varieties and hybrids by adaptability parameters allowed us to identify genotypes with high ecological plasticity (bi ), homeostaticity (Hom) and multiplicative coefficient (MC). The linear regression coefficient (bi ) of more than 1.0 for the “weight of 1000 seeds” trait was determined in 13 genotypes, and for “oilseed nature” in 12, which indicates their responsiveness to improved environmental conditions. A high multiplicative coefficient for “weight of 1000 seeds” was determined in the same varieties and hybrids that are characterized by high plasticity. According to the “oilseed nature” trait, high homeostaticity was revealed in 7 hybrids, and a high multiplicative coefficient in 3. High homeostasis by the feature “weight of 1000 seeds” was determined in 3 hybrids, and by the feature “oilseed nature” – in 7. Highly homeostasis varieties and hybrids of sunflower will be characterized by less variability of features in unfavorable conditions. Scientific novelty. For the first time, a comprehensive assessment of sunflower hybrids and varieties bred by the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Center of Agriculture Research of the South-East region”, was given in terms of parameters and adaptability of the “weight of 1000 seeds” and “oilseed nature” traits.
Keywords: sunflower, hybrid, weight of 1000 seeds, nature, variation coefficient, ecological plasticity, stability, homeostasis
For citation: Gudova L. A., Lekarev A. V., Polevaya O. A., Ermakova A. P., Ermenov K. K. Evaluation of the adaptability parameters of sunflower varieties and hybrids in the conditions of the Lower Volga region. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2025; 25 (12): 2017‒2032. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2025-25-12-2017-2032 (In Russ.)
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