I. A. Bandurko1 , Z. Sh. Daguzhieva1, M. I. Shapovalov2
1 Maikop State Technological University, Maikop, Russia
2 Adyghe State University, Institute of Living Systems and Health Engineering, Maikop, Russia
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Volume 25 No. 3
Date of paper submission: 25.09.2024, date of review: 18.11.2024, date of acceptance: 27.01.2025
Published: 03/31/2025
Abstract. The purpose of the research is to summarize the results of studying the species, hybrid forms and varieties of the pear collection of Maikop Experiment station-a branch of VIR in order to isolate genotypes combining high adaptability with a complex of other economically valuable traits promising for breeding in the southern fruit growing zone. Methods. The study was conducted in the collection plantings of the year of 2005, using the primary variety study method. Every year the general condition of the tree was determined in points, the varieties were assessed for resistance to fungal diseases (scab, brown and white spot). In years with critical temperature conditions, the general degree of freezing of trees and buds, resistance to heat and drought were assessed. The characteristics of growth and fruiting, and fruit quality were studied. Scientific novelty. In the conditions of the North Caucasus, a comparative assessment and analysis of data from a study of interspecific hybrids and pear varieties derived from eastern and western species was carried out, taking into account their genetic origin. Results. Genotypes with a complex of economically valuable traits for use in breeding have been selected. The varieties of Dekanka Novaya (Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm. f.) Nakai, F1), Selekta (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd., F2), Avgustovskaya Rosa, Avgustovskaya Karanyana, Desertnaya Rossoshanskaya, Mramornaya, Rossoshanskaya Rannyaya, Tikhiy Don (Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim., F2 and F3), Talgarskaya Krasavitsa, Makhsuldar, Yay Gyuren (local genotypes of Central Asia and the Caucasus, F1 ) combine high winter hardiness, drought resistance and resistance to fungal diseases with high productivity and good quality of fruits. Interspecific hybrids and representatives of the western species Pyrus salicifolia Pall. and Pyrus elaeagnifolia Pall. have been selected, possessing high adaptability and limited tree size, promising for rootstock breeding.
Keywords: pear, species, varieties, collection variety study, selection, distant hybridization, gene pool, source material
Acknowledgments. The materials are published as part of an event held with the financial support of Maikop State Technological University, scientific project registration number NP 8-2024.
For citation: Bandurko I. A., Daguzhieva Z. Sh., Shapovalov M. I. Isolation of pear species and genotypes with their participation in breeding. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 3035; 25 (04): 350‒359. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2025-25-03-350-359 (In Russ.)
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