G. V. Ilyina, D. Yu. Ilyin, A. A. Grishina, A. R. Dashkina
Penza State Agrarian University, Penza, Russia
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Volume 25 No. 3
Date of paper submission: 15.10.2024, date of review: 20.12.2024, date of acceptance: 17.02.2025.
Published: 03/31/2025
Abstract. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of bioconversion of poultry waste by microbial complexes combined with mineral carrier on the nitrogen content of composted material, as well as indicators of integral toxicity. Methods of composting of organic substrate – by-product of poultry farming by cultures of bacteria, mycelial fungi and actinomycetes with enzymatic potential providing conversion of litter into compost were used. Inoculation of microorganisms-destructors into the substrate was carried out on a mineral carrier – glauconite. Indicators of integral toxicity of materials at different stages of degradation were studied using biotesting methods included in the federal register. Results. The role of correcting the reaction of the medium at different stages of the composting process was studied, and it was found that these methods contribute to the fullest realization of the physiological potential of microorganism groups and increase the bioavailability of nutrients by their transfer into mobile compounds. Preservation of total nitrogen increases 1.5 and 2.2 times compared to natural destruction during storage for six months and a year, respectively, and the proportions of different forms change in favor of ammonium and nitrate. The content of the sum of ammonium and nitrate forms of nitrogen in the compost exceeds that in the initial litter and bedding material by 2.8 times, and in the waste after six months and a year of storage by 1.6 and 2.5 times, respectively. The reduction of integral toxicity of the obtained compost in comparison with wastes stored in landfills, as well as the reduction of hazard class of materials from IV to V was established. Scientific novelty. For the first time the influence of microbial complex integrated with mineral carrier on the transformation of nitrogen compounds and indices of integral toxicity of materials has been studied comprehensively. The described methods will allow to reduce the ecological load on environmental objects. The obtained compost can be used as an affordable fertilizer in the crop and fodder production sector under a closed cycle of production.
Keywords: nitrogen, poultry waste conversion, environmental safety, integral toxicity, agroecology
Acknowledgements. The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation Grant No. 23-26-10059, http://rscf.ru/project/23-26-10059/
For citation: Ilyina G. V., Ilyin D. Yu., Grishina A. A., Dashkina A. R. Effect of microbial conversion of poultry waste on the content of nitrogen compounds and indices of integral toxicity of composted material. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2025; 25 (03): 449‒458. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2025-25-03-449-458 (In Russ.)
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