A. I. Magomedov1 , S. A. Kurbanov1 , D. S. Magomedova2
1 Dagestan State Agrarian University named after M. M. Dzhambulatov, Makhachkala, Russia
2 Federal Agricultural Scientific Center of the Republic of Dagestan, Makhachkala, Russia
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Volume 25 No. 3
Date of paper submission: 24.09.2024, date of review: 05.11.2024, date of acceptance: 02.12.2024.
Published: 03/31/2025
Abstract. To implement the forecast of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030, it is necessary to significantly increase the yield of grain crops, and this will be possible if their production is carried out using innovative resource-saving technologies with intensive use of fertilizers and intensive varieties. The article provides an assessment of winter soft wheat varieties bred by the Federal Research Center “Nemchinovka” in terms of yield and quality indicators in irrigated conditions of the flat irrigated zone of the Terek-Sulak Lowland of the Republic of Dagestan. The purpose of the research was to study winter soft wheat varieties that are promising for the irrigated conditions of the Republic of Dagestan and to develop a scientifically based mineral nutrition system that ensures the planned yield levels. Methods. The studies were carried out in 2020–2023 on meadow medium loamy soils in the experimental field of the Department of Agriculture, Soil Science and Land Reclamation of the Dagestan State Agrarian University named after M. M. Dzhambulatov. The studied varieties bred by the Federal Research Center “Nemchinovka” Moskovskaya 39, Moskovskaya 56 and Nemchinovskaya 85 and the promising variety Moskovskaya 27 were compared with the Grom variety selected by the National Center for Plant Genetics named after P. P. Lukyanenko. Field research, observations, biometric measurements, laboratory analyses and processing of results using the Microsoft Office package and Excel were carried out in accordance with the field experiment methodology of B. A. Dospekhov. Results. The research has established that the use of mineral fertilizers at the rate of N240P90 and N280P105 allows obtaining a yield of 7 and 8 t/ha of winter wheat grain, respectively. The highest yield was obtained by the Moskovskaya 27 and Moskovskaya 56 varieties. The highest grain quality indicators were characterized by the Moskovskaya 39, Nemchinovskaya 85 and Moskovskaya 56 varieties. Calculations of agronomic and economic efficiency have shown that the most appropriate is the use of N200–240P75–90 rates, providing a high return on 1 kg of active ingredient with an increase in yield of 14.8 kg of grain and the lowest cost of production of 1 kg of surplus yield grain 6.71–6.74 rubles. The scientific novelty consisted in the fact that for the first time in the conditions of the flat irrigated zone of the Republic of Dagestan, varieties of winter soft wheat of the Nemchinovka selection, possessing the most significant adaptability parameters and of interest for possible variety substitution of zoned winter wheat varieties, were experimentally studied and determined. For the first time in three-year experiments, the possibility of obtaining grain yields at the level of 7–8 t/ ha of grain based on the selection of a scientifically based nutrition system for winter soft wheat has been proven.
Keywords: winter wheat varieties, yield, grain and flour quality, agroeconomic efficiency of fertilizers
For citation: Magomedov A. I., Kurbanov S. A., Magomedova D. S. Influence of mineral fertilizers on the yield and quality of winter soft wheat varieties on irrigated lands of plain Dagestan. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2025; 25 (03): 392‒401. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2025-25-03-392-401 (In Russ.)
Download the full text of the article
