V. A. Demyantsev, E. S. Knyazev, V. N. Telenkov
Omsk State Agrarian University named after P. A. Stolypin, Omsk, Russia
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Volume 26 No. 3
Date of paper submission: 25.09.2025, date of review: 19.12.2025, date of acceptance: 26.12.2025.
Published: 03/31/2026
Abstract. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the quantitative integration of morphometric parameters with clinical outcome data in a small, homogeneous series with documented survival, which enabled the demonstration of both the direction and magnitude of associations between proliferative activity, tumor burden, and prognosis. The obtained results refine the prognostic relevance of quantitative morphological criteria in a retrospective setting and substantiate the necessity of their mandatory standardized reporting in pathological conclusions. Materials and methods: a retrospective series of 5 surgical specimens; fixation in neutral buffered formalin, paraffin embedding, hematoxylin and eosin staining, light microscopy, counting mitoses in 10 high-power fields at 400× magnification, descriptive statistics, assessment of associations using Spearman’s rank correlation. Results. Age 8–12 years, median 11; maximum tumor size 14–50 mm, median 28; mitotic index 3–15 per 10 high-power fields, median 9; ulceration 40 %; tumor necrosis 60 %; lymphovascular invasion 40 %; metastases in regional lymph nodes in 1/5; negative resection margins in 2/5 and positive in 3/5; histologic grades: grade 1 – 20 %, grade 2 – 60 %, grade 3 – 20 %; median overall survival 320 days (210–600). Larger size and higher mitotic index were associated with shorter overall survival (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients for survival versus size and mitotic index about –0.90); there was a strong positive association between size and mitotic index (coefficient about 1.00); positive margins and nodal metastases were associated with shorter survival. In adjacent parenchyma, some specimens showed lobular hyperplasia and duct ectasia without atypia. Conclusions: quantitative morphological parameters consistently reflect prognosis; pathology reports should record maximum size, ulceration, necrosis, lymphovascular invasion, resection margin status, regional lymph node status, histologic grade, and mitotic index; the limitation is the small sample; prospective validation is required.
Keywords: cat; mammary gland; adenocarcinoma; mitotic index; lymphovascular invasion; ulceration; necrosis; regional lymph nodes; resection margin status; histologic staging
For citation: Demyantsev V. A., Knyazev E. S., Telenkov V. N. Mammary gland adenocarcinoma in cats on a background of lobular hyperplasia and duct ectasia. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2026; 26 (03): 473‒482. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2026-26-03-473-482 (In Russ.)
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