E. L. Grichik, O. O. Zholobova
Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Volgograd, Russia
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Abstract. The purpose of the study was to study the effect of different types of substrates on the survival rate and morphometric parameters of regenerating plants of the VSL-2 rootstock at the stage of adaptation to ex vitro conditions. Methods. The research was conducted on the basis of the biotechnology laboratory of the Seed Breeding Center of the Federal Research Center for Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The object of the study was rooted regenerating plants of dwarf stone rootstock VSL-2. The study examines and studies the process of adaptation of regenerating plants to non-sterile environmental conditions on three types of substrates: peat, perlite and their combination. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the effect of different types of substrates on the adaptation of in vitro regenerants of the VSL-2 rootstock was studied. The use of a combined substrate and a gradual decrease in humidity in the climate chamber ensured 100 % survival of microshoots during the ex vitro transition. Results. The process of plant transition from an aseptic environment to non-sterile (natural) environmental conditions is investigated. The study analyzed the effect of substrates on the biometric characteristics of regenerating plants and their changes throughout the adaptation period. It was found that the type of substrate affects the further development of the root system of adaptable plants: the maximum root length is observed in samples cultivated on a combined substrate and is 10.62 cm, while on pure peat and perlite this indicator ranged from 4.92 to 7.37 cm, respectively, and they did not differ statistically from each other. At this stage, the type of substrate basically did not have a significant effect on the studied morphometric parameters of the aboveground part of the adapted plants, with the exception of the area of the leaf plate: on a peat substrate, the value of this parameter was only 2.11 cm2 , while in the VSL-2 samples adapted on perlite and a combined substrate it exceeded three times and amounted to 6.57–7.12 cm2 . Based on the data obtained, a step-by-step adaptation process was developed for regenerating plants of the stone dwarf rootstock VSL-2.
Keywords: regenerant plants, adaptation, ex vitro, plant biotechnology, in vitro
Acknowledgements. The study was performed within the framework of the State Assignment of the Federal Scientific Center of Agroecology, Integrated Land Reclamation and Protective Forestry of the Russian Academy of Sciences (theme FNFE No. 125021402244-3 “Study of the main pathways of morphogenesis in vitro and factors of abiotic and biotic nature regulating the processes of regeneration of woody-shrub and cultivated plants”).
For citation: Grichik E. L., Zholobova O. O. The influence of substrates on the survival and adaptation to ex vitro conditions of plants-regenerants of dwarf stone rootstock VSL-2. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2026; 26 (04): 664‒673. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2026-26-04-664-673 (In Russ.)
Volume 26 No. 4
Date of paper submission: 11.03.2025, date of review: 05.02.2026, date of acceptance: 04.03.2026.
Published: 04/30/2026
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