L. V. Tashmatova, T. M. Khromova, O. V. Matsneva
Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK), Zhilina village, Oryol region, Russia
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Volume 25 No. 5
Date of paper submission: 26.07.2024, date of review: 25.11.2024, date of acceptance: 18.02.2025.
Published: 05/31/2025
Abstract. The purpose is to determine the most optimal growth regulator for increasing proliferative activity and the yield of microshoots suitable for rooting. Methods. The objects of the study are immune and scab-resistant apple varieties Bolotovskoe, Imrus, Veteran, Kandil Orlovskiy, Girlyanda, Priokskoe. The experiments were carried out in the biotechnology laboratory of the Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Genetics using clonal micropropagation techniques. To stimulate proliferative activity, cytokinins were used: 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), thidiazuron (TDZ) and kinetin in various concentrations. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that optimal concentrations of cytokinins in the composition of nutrient media have been determined to increase the proliferative activity of apple tree explants, as well as to obtain microshoots suitable for the rhizogenesis stage. Results. Based on the data obtained, the influence of varietal characteristics, type and concentration of cytokinins on the proliferation of apple trees was established. The greatest proliferative activity in apple tree explants was observed against the background of BA and thidiazuron. However, the concentration of stimulants must be taken into account. Thus, the most optimal content of BA for most varieties is 2.0 mg/l and thidiazuron is 0.2 mg/l. Increasing the concentration of thidiazuron to 0.3 mg/l reduced the value of the multiplication factor. For the Bolotovskoye and Imrus varieties, the use of BA at a concentration of 1.0 mg/l contributed to an increase in the reproduction coefficient. The use of thidiazuron in the Imrus variety caused the formation of vitrified microshoots. When using kinetin, the multiplication factor did not exceed 2.2. At all kinetin concentrations, microshoots grew in length, making them suitable for the rooting stage. Thus, kinetin is recommended for use during the elongation stage. Of the studied varieties, the variety Girlyanda had the greatest ability to proliferate, and the variety Veteran had the least ability.
Keywords: apple tree, micropropagation, cytokinins, reproduction coefficient, proliferating shoots, variety-specific reaction
For citation: Tashmatova L. V., Khromova T. M., Matsneva O. V. The influence of cytokinins on the proliferation of apple varieties in vitro culture. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2025; 25 (05): 769‒778. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2025-25-05-769-778 (In Russ.)
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