A. S. Sotpa, E. E. Kuzmina
Tuvan Scientific Research Institute – a branch of the Siberian Federal Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kyzyl, Russia
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Volume 26 No. 6
Date of paper submission: 10.11.2025, date of review: 14.01.2026, date of acceptance: 07.03.2026
Published: 06/30/2026
Abstract. The purpose of the study was to substantiate optimal crop rotations that ensure stable spring wheat yields and maintain the fertility of dark chestnut soils in the steppe zone of the Republic Tuva. The feasibility of using short-rotation crop rotations for farms in Tuva specializing in grain production was established. Methods. Research was conducted on the experimental fields of the Tuan SRI – branch of SFSCA RAS, from 2022 to 2024. Objects of the research were dark chestnut soil and spring wheat. Productive soil moisture was determined using the thermostatic-weight method, the nitrate nitrogen content was determined using the ion-selective method, and the mobile phosphorus compounds were determined using the Machigin method. Results. Conducted studies have shown that in the arid conditions of the steppe zone of the republic, it is expedient to cultivate spring wheat in the structure of short-rotation grain-fallow 2-field crop rotations. In the most arid years, 2-field crop rotations: pure fallow-wheat, allow to obtain the most stable yields of wheat (0,71 t/ha). In years with favorable agrometeorological conditions, the use of a grain-fallow-grass crop rotation, consisting of pure fallow, perennial grasses, and wheat, helps to improve the fertility of dark chestnut soils and increase wheat yields (up to 3,10 t/ha). It has been proven that the use of mineral fertilizers and chemical plant protection products does not reduce the role of crop rotation in increasing the yield of spring wheat and restoring the fertility of dark chestnut soil. The use of chemical fertilizers increases the yield of spring wheat, with the most significant increase observed when grown in a grainfallow crop rotation (two-field) and with continuous cultivation. Scientific novelty. Optimal crop rotation schemes have been determined for obtaining stable yields of spring wheat and reproducing the fertility of dark chestnut soil in the steppe zone of the Republic Tuva.
Keywords: spring wheat, crop rotations, productive moisture, yield, dark chestnut soil, agrometeorological conditions, fertilizer
For citation: Sotpa A. S., Kuzmina E. E. Development of a crop rotation scheme for grain crops in the steppe zone of the Republic Tuva. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2026; 26 (06): 1021‒1030. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2026-26-06-1021-1030 (In Russ.)
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