I. O. Gazdanova, N. N. Doguzova
Federal Scientific Center “Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Vladikavkaz, Russia
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Volume 25 No. 7
Date of paper submission: 28.01.2025, date of review: 04.03.2025, date of acceptance: 14.04.2025.
Published: 07/31/2025
Abstract. Potato, like any other agricultural crops, is affected by a number of diseases and pests. The most important viral pathogens of cultivated potatoes are potato virus X (PVX) and Y (PVY), which can reduce potato production by up to 80 %. Thus, breeding resistance to phytopathogenic is one of the main goals of plant breeders. Wild potato species are good sources of resistance genes. The purpose of the work was to diagnose viruses (PVX) and (PVY) and phytopathogen resistance genes in potato genotypes using molecular technology methods for subsequent use in marker-assisted selection. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that an assessment was made of the resistance of hybrid potato material to the PVX and PVY viruses. Methods. Diagnosis of potato sample resistance to diseases was carried out using polymerase chain reaction. For molecular screening of potatoes, DNA markers of phytopathogen resistance genes were used – YES3-3A; RYSC3; Ry186; M6, M45, 5Rx1, PVX. Infection of samples by the PCR-RV (in real time) was determined using the reagent kit of Sintol LLC Potato Virus X and Potato Virus Y-RV. According to the results of phytopathogen diagnosis by the PCR-RV, the PVY virus was detected in 6 potato genotypes, and the PVX virus was found in one hybrid (3190). The results of molecular genetic analysis for phytopathogen resistance genes showed that 17 potato samples are resistant to the PVX virus of the Rx1 gene using the 5RX marker. Resistance of potatoes with R-genes of virus resistance to PVY with the Rysto gene linked to the YES3-3A marker with an expected fragment size of 341 bp was not noted in potato samples. The RYSC3 marker with the Ryadg genes was also not detected, but using the M45 and M6 markers of the Ryadg gene, it was detected in 9 and 6 potato samples. Conclusions. Potato diagnostics using modern methods allows timely detection of potato diseases. The identified potato genotypes with resistance gene complexes allow their use in the further breeding program for developing new potato varieties.
Keywords: gene, resistance, marker, potato, virus, hybrid, variety, PCR, DNA
For citation: Gazdanova I. O., Doguzova N. N. Laboratory methods for diagnostics of potato plants to PVX and PVY viruses. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2025; 25 (07): 1004‒1013. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2025-25-07-1004-1013(In Russ.)
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