A. A. Daudova, A. B. Ismailov, E. K. Omarova, G. A. Alimirzaeva, M. M. Kudakhova, L. Yu. Karaeva
Dagestan State Agrarian University named after M. N. Dzhambulatov, Makhachkala, Russia
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Volume 26 No. 7
Date of paper submission: 06.02.2026, date of review: 15.04.2026, date of acceptance: 23.05.2026
Published: 07/31/2026
Abstract. The article presents the results of studies on the effects of rhizobial preparations on the dynamics of leaf surface formation, photosynthetic activity, and dry matter accumulation in soybean crops of the Bars variety under different sowing methods on meadow-chestnut soil in the lowland zone of Dagestan. The purpose of the study is to determine the optimal combination of rhizobial seed treatment and sowing method to enhance photosynthetic activity and increase the productivity of the Bars soybean variety. Methods. Bacterial inoculants were applied throughout the trials. The results underwent detailed experimental, statistical, and economic analysis. All data collection and observations followed standard protocols for field research. Leaf area and photosynthetic productivity were assessed at the branching, flowering, pod formation, and early ripening stages. Leaf area was determined via the leaf disk method and dry matter accumulation. Scientific novelty. For the first time, for the flat zone of Dagestan, a comprehensive assessment of the effect of various rhizobial drugs on (Rhizotorphin, Organik Rizo, Rizofarm Soya, Nitrofiks Zh) on the photosynthetic activity of Bars soybeans was carried out, depending on the sowing method). It has been experimentally established that “Rizofarm Soya” (1.6 l/t) in combination with a wide-row culture (45 cm) provides maximum leaf area and photosynthetic potential, which is statistically significantly superior to other inoculants. The research results show that the use of bacterial preparations for pre-sowing seed treatment promotes more intensive formation of the leaf surface throughout the entire growing season, observed under both conventional and wide-row sowing methods. The greatest effect was noted with the use of the inoculant “Rizofarm Soya” (1.6 L/t), especially under wide-row sowing, which was expressed in a significant increase in leaf area at all phenological stages, reaching a maximum value of 5.30 m2 /m2 at the pod formation stage. Data analysis revealed that the row sowing method is inferior to wide-row sowing in terms of photosynthetic productivity. This is explained by the higher plant density in the crops. The preparation “Rizofarm Soya” showed the best results under wide-row sowing, achieving a maximum leaf area (53.1 thousand m2 /ha) and photosynthetic potential (1404.2 thousand m2 /ha·day), significantly surpassing the control and other tested preparations. At the same time, an inverse relationship was observed: as the photosynthetic potential increased, the net photosynthetic productivity, on the contrary, decreased. It was established that wide-row sowing combined with seed treatment using “Rizofarm Soya” is the optimal combination in cultivation technology for increasing the productivity of the Bars soybean variety. This combination ensures maximum dry matter accumulation at all stages of ontogenesis, leading to increased yield and improved quality characteristics of the final product.
Keywords: soybean, variety, seed treatment, rhizobial preparations, photosynthetic potential, dry biomass
For citation: Daudova A. A., Ismailov A. B., Omarova E. K., Alimirzaeva G. A., Kudakhova M. M., Karaeva L. Yu. Photosynthetic activity of soybean crops depending on seed treatment with rhizobial preparations under the conditions of the plain zone of Dagestan. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2026; 26 (07): 1185‒1194. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2026-26-07-1185-1194.
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