Authors: N. I. Kasatkina, I. Sh. Fatykhov
Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhevsk, Russia
Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy, Izhevsk, Russia E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of the method and term of harvesting on seed yield, yield structure, sowing qualities of seeds in the harvest of Eastern galega Gale and meadow tetraploid clover Kudesnik. Research methods. The field experimentation and the generalization of research results were performed in accordance with the requirements of methodology of experimental work. The analysis of sowing qualities of the obtained seed material was carried out in accordance with GOST 12038-84 and GOST 12042-80. Results. It was established that in dry weather during harvesting on aligned seed grass stand of perennial leguminous grasses, the main method is single-phase harvesting. This method contributed to the production of 288–299 kg/ha of Eastern galega Gale goat seeds (1995–1999) and 116–120 kg/ha of meadow tetraploid clover Kudesnik seeds (2013–2016). In wet years with high biomass of herbs, it is advisable to use single-phase harvesting with preliminary desiccation. A relatively high yield of galega seeds 331 kg/ha was obtained during desiccation of the grass stand, during the formation of the grass stand with the plant density – 51 pcs/m2 , the number of beans on the stem – 47 pcs., the seeds in the bean – 1.77 pcs. The formation of the highest seed yield of meadow tetraploid clover 152 kg/ha during desiccation of crops occurred in connection with an increase in the number of seeds in the head to 9 pcs. and the mass of seeds in the head to 0.023 g. Desiccation of the seed grass stand of perennial grasses contributed to an increase in laboratory germination of the obtained galega seeds to 94 % and a mass of 1000 seeds to 7.55 g, meadow clover to 91 % and 2.53 g, respectively. Scientific novelty. In the conditions of the Middle Urals, the dependence of the method and term of harvesting on the state of the seed grass stand of perennial leguminous crops, weather conditions during the harvesting period is revealed, the influence of the method and term of harvesting on the sowing qualities of seeds is established.
Keywords: eastern galega, clover meadow tetraploid, seed grass stand harvesting, desiccation, seed yield, germination energy, laboratory germination, mass of 1000 seeds.
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For citation: Kasatkina N. I., Fatykhov I. Sh. Sposob i srok uborki mnogoletnikh bobovykh trav na semena [Method and term for harvesting perennial legume herbs for seeds] // Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2020. No. 01 (192). Pp. 2‒9. DOI: 10.32417/1997-4868-2020-192-1-2-9. (In Russian.)
