Authors: V. G. Grebennikov, I. A. Shipilov, O. V. Khonina
North Caucasian Federal Scientific Agrarian Center, Mikhailovsk, Russia Е-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract. The aim of the research is to study the influence of different types of perennial legumes on the yield of winter wheat in comparison with black steam on chestnut soils of the dry steppe zone. The research is based on the methods of effective management of production, environmental functions, which are designed to improve the adaptability of plants and the stability of the production of winter wheat grain in the dry steppe zone. Results and practical significance. The dependence of the accumulation of root and green above-ground biomass on the species composition of perennial grasses in agrophytocenosis was revealed. In the conditions of the dry steppe zone, perennial legumes in the grain-fodder crop rotation provide the greatest yield of feed (1.8–3.1 t/ha of dry matter) and winter wheat grain (4.1‒4.6 t/ha) and as a precursor in its efficiency are practically not inferior to black steam. Perennial legumes are left in the soil for an average of 1 year of use of grass to 1.42–1.94 t/ha of organic matter, which greatly affects the stabilization and increase of humus in the soil. Restoration of the acreage of forage crops and, especially, perennial legumes, will ensure more sustainable functioning of field agroecosystems. Scientific novelty. For the first time, to the arid regions of the North Caucasus (HTC – 0.3–0.5), the introduced design is resistant to negative factors of agrolandscapes, due to the replacement of energy-intensive anthropogenic resources biological factors on the basis of increasing the share of perennial legumes as a predecessor of winter wheat, efficiency is not inferior to the black steam in the development of adapted to the zone of dry steppes of environmentally safe technologies.
Keywords: biologization, crop rotation, black steam, predecessor, winter wheat, perennial legumes, organic matter, grass productivity, grain yield.
For citation: Grebennikov V. G., Shipilov I. A., Khonina O. V. Urozhaynost’ ozimoy pshenitsy i sredoobrazuyushchiy potentsial mnogoletnikh bobovykh trav kak faktor biologizatsii zemledeliya [Winter wheat yield and environment formation potential of perennial legumes as a factor of biologization agriculture] // Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2019. No. 10 (189). Pp. 2‒8. DOI: 10.32417/article_5db42e4384a391.73824239. (In Russian.)
