Authors: S. M. Dzhibilov, L. R. Guluyeva, I. E. Soldatova, N. T. Khokhoeva, S. S. Gagieva
Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mikhailovskoye, Russia Е-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract. The authors presented the results of scientific research and experimental development, on the basis of which a prototype was designed and created for applying liquid fertilizers to the grass and the soil surface of mountain meadows and pastures in order to improve them, reduce erosion processes and increase productivity. The aim of the work: to develop and create a combined multifunctional unit for the application of liquid fertilizers on mountain meadows and pastures, providing an increase in the productivity of agricultural landscapes and profitability of agricultural production by 15–20 %. The object of the study are fertilizer application rates and interchangeable working parts: a container for liquid mineral fertilizers, a collector of sprayers, tips. The novelty of the technical solution lies in the fact that a combined multifunctional unit based on a chisel cultivator ССМ-2,4 was created for the first time. The research of the unit was carried out on the basis of the workshop of the mechanization group of the North Caucasus Research Institute of Mining and Piedmont Agriculture (NCRIMPAC) and at the high-altitude experimental site in the village of Dargavs Prigorodny district of North Ossetia-Alania. When creating a prototype of a unit for applying liquid fertilizers, the developments of the authors are used and combined, which are confirmed by the issuance of patents for useful model of the Russian Federation No. 144420 and No. 130781. As a result of the application of the developed prototype of the unit, the erosion processes are reduced, the productivity and profitability of the sloping lands increases, and the botanical composition of the herbs is improved. It was established that the design and functionality of the proposed unit also allow it to be used in the mountain zone in nursery farms and on tilled crops with simultaneous application of liquid fertilizers in the forest zone. The use of a prototype unit will reduce erosion and other types of degradation of the fertile soil in the mountains, solve the problem of surface improvement of hayfields and pastures and, as a result, increase the productivity of forage lands by 15–20 %.
Keywords: mechanization, agriculture, surface improvement, pastures, mountains, mineral fertilizers.
For citation: Dzhibilov S. M., Guluyeva L. R., Soldatova I. E., Khokhoeva N. T., Gagieva S. S. Sovershenstvovaniye sredstv mekhanizatsii i agrotekhnologiy v gornykh i predgornykh rayonakh Severnogo Kavkaza [Improvement of mechanization and agricultural technologies in the mountainous and foothill regions of the North Caucasus] // Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2019. No. 10 (189). Pp 9‒16. DOI: 10.32417/article_5db43060bb87e6.86550212. (In Russian.)
