Authors: S. P. Arysheva, D. G. Sviridenko, A. N. Ratnikov, K. V. Petrov, V. N. Mazurov, P. S. Semeshkina
Russian Research Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Obninsk, Russia
Kaluga Research Institute of Agriculture, Kaluga region, Russia Е-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract. On the basis of field experiments on radioactively contaminated soddy-podzolic soils of Novozybkov and Krasnogorsk districts of the Bryansk region the efficiency of measures to reduce 90Sr input into crop production is estimated. The introduction of lime on the background of N80P80K80 led to a decrease in Accumulation coefficient 90Sr (AC) in oats by 1.4–2.2 times, barley 1.3–2.6 times. The effectiveness of open-hearth and electric slag is equivalent to the action of lime; the 90Sr accumulation in grain on the background N80P80K80 decreased 2.1–2.6 times. When soil N80P80K80 and impurities content of 90Sr in grain of barley in the 3.7–4.2 times lower than on control, and AC90Ѕr in grain oats in a joint introduction of Р240 and slages decreased in 3, 1 times. The removal of 90Sr with grain was decreased by 1.9–2.5 times. Making Р240 on the background of the slag resulted in the reduction of mobile forms of radionuclide 1.3 times, increase non-exchange forms of 90Sr and 4.2–4.7 times. This effect persisted to the 2nd year. The amount of 90Sr available for root uptake by plants in all variants of experiment decreased by 1.2 times, non-exchange increased in comparison with the background by 2.9–3.3 times. The use of potash fertilizers increased yield of barley grains by 1.2–1.4, rye 1.7–2.6, potato tubers by 1.3–1.5 times. Application of N80P80K240 in soil led to the reduction of the transfer of 90Sr in the plants of rye, potato and barley by 1.5–2.2 times. Removal of 90Sr with barley grain decreased by 1.6–1.8 times. The use of potash fertilizers led to a decrease in the removal of 90Sr with a yield of tubers by 1.3–2.0 times, AC90Sr decreased by 1.8–4.6 times. Accumulation of 90Sr in grain and potatoes when you make N80P80K240 decreased 1.4–3.0 times. Increasing the dose of phosphorus to 240 kg/ha in the composition of a complete fertilizer increased the yield of rye by 1.4–1.6 times, and reduced AC90Sr grain by 2 times. Application of P160-240 ensured the decrease of 90Sr in barley crop of 2.4–3.0 times, removal of 90Sr by barley grain decreased in 1.8–2.1 times. The accumulation of 90Sr in the yield of barley and potatoes with the introduction of P240 and K240 3.5–5.2 times less than in the inconvenient soil.
Keywords: soddy-podzolic soil, 90Sr, accumulation factor, the mobility of the radionuclide, agricultural crops, wastes, mineral fertilizers, agroforestry and agro-chemical activities.
For citation: Arysheva S. P., Sviridenko D. G., Ratnikov A. N., Petrov K. V., Mazurov V. N., Semeshkina P. S. Vliyaniye agromeliorativnykh i agrokhimicheskikh meropriyatiy na produktivnost’ polevykh kul’tur, podvizhnost’ 90Sr v pochve i ego postupleniye v rasteniya [Effect of agromeliorative and agrochemical measures on productivity, mobility of 90Sr in soil and its admission to the plant] // Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2019. No. 8 (187). Pp. 8–15. DOI: 10.32417/article_5d908b8596 ff29.11846820. (In Russian.)
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