Authors: S. M. TIMOFEEV, postgraduate student, North-Eastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov (58 Belinskogo Str., 677000, Yakutsk)
Keywords: blueberries, berries, macronutrients, microelements, moisture provision, hydrothermal moisture ratio, extremality, meteorological conditions, spectrometry, elemental composition.
Abstract: Many meteorological factors influence the growth, development and, therefore, plant productivity. In the arid conditions of Yakutia, the provision of moisture and heat during the growing season of blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum) is essential. It is air temperature and precipitation that are of decisive importance for the flow of many biochemical processes in plants, in their distribution by climatic zones, belts and provinces. Important functions of water are its participation in the photosynthesis of plants, the transfer of nutrients, and the provision of thermoregulation. Taking into account the above, we studied the effect of precipitation on the macro-and microelement composition of blueberry ordinary grown in the conditions of Central and Western Yakutia in terms of hydrothermal moisture coefficient (SCC). These studies have established that in Central Yaku- tia, summer precipitation falls relatively rarely and unevenly, which affects the yield and chemical composition of blueberry. The level of macro- and microelements depends on the hydrothermal coefficient, but a strong influence is not observed, since the value of the correlation coefficient was low. The greatest accumulation of macro and micronutrients is found in years favorable for precipitation. The results of the study show that a higher content of macro- and microelements was observed in Western Yakutia, and lower in Central Yakutia. Thus, it can be seen from the above data that large fluctuations in the content of macro- and microelements in Central and Western Yakutia cause significant differences in the availability of organism with macro- and microelements. The obtained results confirm the generally accepted opinion about the high adaptability of plants in cryolithozone conditions. It was found that many wild berries and plants of Yakutia have higher nutritional, medicinal and technical vitamin and therapeutic and pharmacological properties than those growing in the southern zones.
