Authors: S. Yu. TURKO, candidate of agricultural sciences, researcher, K. Yu. TRUBAKOVA, postgraduate student, research engineer, Federal scientific center for agro-ecology, integrated land reclamation and protective forestation of RAS (97 Universitetskyi av., 400062, Volgograd; phone: 8 961 064-31-17; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
Keywords: biomass, seizure (grazing), coefficient of optical density of plants, coefficient of vegetation screen, evaporation, model, factors.
Abstract: In the pasture problem, it is very important to take into account the load and time of grazing animals. The article discusses these issues in detail and provides relevant mathematical dependencies related to their further development. The nature of the formation of vegetation on pastures of different season of use with the introduction of promising species of grass mixtures of cereals, cereals and legumes, and cereals, wormwood and legumes of the Stavropol breeding has been established. Tests were passed by grass mixtures – Agropyron cristatum L. + Agropyrum elangatum + Bromus inermis; Agropyron cristatum L. + Festuca pratensis Huds. + Medicaga sativa L.; Agropyrum elangatum + Artemisia arenaria + Medicaga sativa L. Concrete data on plant growth and a mathematical apparatus for calculating the parameters of a vegetative screen are given. In detail, by mathematical modeling, the evaporative process has been studied within the framework of the production component of vegetation. Studies have shown that the removal of part of the biomass should not exceed 1/3 of the total. Otherwise, pastures will inevitably degrade. It is also important to choose the right time for removal of part of the biomass. Experiments show that it should be selected taking into account the maximum increase in biomass and feed value of plants. Selected mixtures of herbs for different categories of pastures showed good results, both in terms of productivity, and in terms of sustainability, in the arid zone of the country. Novelty of researches consists in establishment of regularities of development of plants in artificial fodder phytocoenoses and influence of fertilizers on biocoenotic processes, productivity and quality of fodder prices in conditions of dry steppe.
