Authors:
A. A. KAZAK, candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor,
Yu. P. LOGINOV, doctor of agricultural sciences, professor,
Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University (7 Respubliki Str., Tyumen, 625003, phone 8 919 951 51-74).
Abstract. Selection was and remains to one of the main reserves of increase in productivity and improvement of quality of seed of spring-sown field in Siberia. I have gained successful development of selection of spring-sown field in 70–80 of last century when in the region four selection center have been created: West Siberian (Omsk), Siberian (Novosibirsk), Altai (Barnaul), East Siberian (Krasnoyarsk). At the beginning of the current century it is created selection center in NIISH of the Northern TransUral region. Selection center had excellent material and laboratory base on that period of time. In common different experts worked on creation of new grades: selectors, geneticists, physiologists, biochemists, phytopathologists, technologists, agrochemists, etc. initial material from a world collection of N. I. Vavilov was widely used, including also winter grades of strong wheat. By the beginning of the current century in the region on selection the enormous reserve is created and grains of a grade of spring-sown soft field, strong on quality, which are sowed on the main arable land reserved for this culture are removed. At the same time, it should be noted that the volume of preparation of food wheat in Siberia in many respects depends on climatic conditions every year. In this regard it is necessary to study the available strong early and mid-early grades of springsown soft field of the Siberian selection in identical conditions, to allocate the best of them on productivity and quality of grain for further use in selection programs and also for expansion under them to cultivated area. In a forest-steppe zone of the Tyumen region, on the skilled field GAU of the Northern Trans-Ural region it is studied at early ripe and nine mid-early grades of strong, spring-sown field of the Siberian selection. On a complex of economic were allocated: “Novosibirsk 15”, “Polyushko”, “Boyevchanka”, “Novosibirsk 31”, “Altai 92”, “Vavenkov's Memories”, “Tulun 12”, “Tyumen 80”. They can be used as initial material in selection of spring-sown soft field.
Keywords: spring-sown field, selection, initial material, precocity, productivity, quality of grain.
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