Authors:
N. T. Chebotarev, doctor of agricultural sciences, corresponding member of RAE,
A. A. Yudin, candidate of economic sciences, professor RAE,
P. I. Konkin, research fellow,
Scientific research institute of agriculture of the Komi Republic (27 Rucheynaya str., Syktyvkar, Komi Republic 167023; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.).
Abstract. Long-term research on sod-podzolic soil showed that the highest yield of fodder crops was obtained when fertilizing at the rate of 80 t/ha TNK + NPK. With this ratio of fertilizers, the average yield of potato tubers was obtained – 35.6 t/ha, perennial grasses – 6.2 t/ha and annual grasses – 4.9 t/ha of AV. As a result of research, it was found that the quality of fodder crops significantly improves with the introduction of increased doses of organic and mineral fertilizers. The content of crude protein in perennial herbs increased to 14.7 % (in control – 10.4 %), crude fat – to 4.4 % (in control – 2.5 %). The positive effect was achieved with the joint application of fertilizers for potatoes: the amount of starch in tubers increased to 16.7 %, which is 3.1 % higher than in the variant without fertilizers and 2.2 % higher than when applying the full dose of NPK. Similar patterns are noted in the cultivation of annual herbs. Organic and organomineral fertilizer systems had a positive effect on humus content in the soil. For the period 1978‒2017 humus content increased by 0.7‒0.9 % when using two doses of TNK, by 0.5‒0.9 % when combined with organic and mineral fertilizers, while the application of mineral fertilizers humus content in the soil decreased by 0.1‒0.2 %. In NPK was observed acidification of the soil and the reduction of the content of mobile potassium.
Keywords: fodder crop rotation, mineral and organic fertilizers, crop yield, starch, crude protein, potatoes, annual and perennial grasses.
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