Authors:
S. K. MINGALEV, doctor of agricultural sciences, professor, head of department,
Ural State University of Agriculture (42 K. Liebknechta str., 620075, Ekaterinburg).
Abstract. The purpose of the work was to assess the influence of the sowing period, the density of standing of plants and methods of caring for crops on the yield and nutritional value of green mass and grain of maize hybrids in the conditions of the Middle Urals. The studies were conducted in 2005–2017 in field two-factor experiments, which were laid in the crop rotation of the Kolkhoz collective farm. Chapaev Alapayevsky district of the Sverdlovsk region, on the Koltsov experimental field of the Ural NIISH, the experimental field of the Faculty of Agrotechnology and Land Management of the Urals State University. Fertilizers in doses N60P60K60 were applied under the presowing treatment in the form of nitrophos. The sowing was carried out to a depth of 6–7 cm. The care consisted of inter-row loosening and treatment with herbicides in the 5-leaf phase. With increasing seed density to 100.000 / ha, the yield of green mass and dry matter of hybrids increased, but the proportion of cobs decreased and deteriorated quality of feed. The optimal time for sowing early ripening hybrids of maize to produce a green mass with a high dry matter content is the third decade of May, according to the yield of grain and its share in the crop in the first decade of May. The most effective methods for caring for corn sowings are the combination of inter-row cultivation or hilling using a tank mixture of post-emergence herbicides. The yield of green mass, the yield of dry matter and the share of grain in the crop are much higher compared to the version without mechanical and chemical treatments.
Keywords: corn, hybrids, density, sowing time, nursing techniques, yield, dry matter, grain.
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