K. V. MOISEEVA, candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor,
State Agrarian University of Northern Urals (7 Respubliki Str., 625003, Tyumen)
Abstract. Increasing grain production is one of the priorities of agriculture. Mainly, the increase should be achieved by increasing yields. The article presents the research results of winter wheat varieties in 2010–2014 to increase the productivity of cultivars in the conditions of North forest-steppe of the Tyumen region. It is noted that winter crops are well overwintered, they have a higher yield, because they make fuller use of autumn precipitation and spring moisture. Winter wheat as a food crop can ensure the economic independence of the grain complex, this may be due to the creation and introduction of new high-yielding variet- ies, increasing gross grain collections, thereby contributing to the growth of grain production. The mass of the ear in the variety of Zimushka amounted to 1.04 g, more card standard grade of 0.72 g. Among all the studied varieties the mass of grains spike ranged from 0.34 g (32 Novosibirsk – standard) to 1.06 g (Zimushka). The highest 1000 grains weight was observed in varieties the Harvest of Altai and the winter and it is 48.0 g, other varieties yielded the standard variety Novosibirskaya 32. The highest yield in the experiment was obtained from the selection line SL 146/25, which was of 4.02 t/ha, slightly below that of the stan- dard variety Novosibirskaya 32 – 3.91 t/ha, other varieties of winter wheat yields ranged from 3.82–3.64 t/ha. Highly produc- tive varieties of winter wheat have been identified for cultivation in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region with a yield of 3.64–4.02 t/ha, while observing proper farming practices, namely the selection of winter-hardy and high-yielding varieties.
Keywords: winter wheat, grade, yield, productivity ear, the number of grains per spike, the mass of 1000 grains.
