Authors:
V. V. SAVIN, graduate student,
Yu. V. ZARIPOV, graduate student,
L. A. BELOV, candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor,
E. S. ZALESOVA, candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor,
D. A. SHUBIN, candidate of agricultural sciences, doctoral student,
Ural State Forestry Engineering University (37 Sibirskiy tract Str., 620100, Ekaterinburg)
Abstract. It has been established that out of 2340.1 hectares of the forest cultures created for the 18-year period in the territory of Sukholozhsky forest area, 22.1 % are written off. At the same time the main reason for write-off of forest cultures is their consumption by wild hoofed animals. The main harm to forest cultures is done by Siberian roe. At population density of roe equal to 10.1 pcs/1000 hectares in the 7-year cultures of pine ordinary there are no intact trees; the share of strongly damaged trees is 79.5 % and dry trees – 6.3 %. Decrease in population density of roe promotes the best safety of forest cultures. However, even at the density of 5.8 pcs./1000 hectares the share of strongly damaged and dry trees of pine ordinary in 7-year cultures reaches 56.4 and 1.5 %, respectively. The forest cultures of Siberian spruce are damaged by elk and roe to a lesser extent. So, in 11-year cultures the share of the intact and poorly damaged trees makes 16.8 and 22.1 % at the density of elk of 2.6 and roes of 4.2 pcs./1000 hectares. Besides forest cultures, elk and roe intensively consume subgrowth of aspen and birch, regulating structure of formed young growths. For minimization of damage caused by animals it is necessary to regulate population density of animals, to create fodder fields and to carry out top dressing during the winter period.
Keywords: reforestation, forest cultures, conservation, common pine, Siberian roe, elk, Siberian spruce.
