Authors:
S. D. SHEPELEV, doctor of technical sciences, associate professor, dean,
YU. B. CHERKASOV, post-graduate student
South ural State Agrarian university (75 Lenina Ave, 454080, Chelyabinsk)
Abstract. The development of the used machinery market determines the feasibility of its use in farms with small seasonal load of harvesting machines, since the high technical readiness of combine harvesters and lowest seasonal load increase the cost of their involvement. However, with the increase of harvested area at low reliability and high cost of time for elimination of consequences of technical failure of the enterprise incur losses from product losses because of the violation of agro-technical terms. In modern conditions it requires a rational justification of the idle time of grain machines to eliminate consequences of technological failures in accordance with their seasonal load and key production and environmental factors. Economic and mathematical modeling identified ratios of idle time under different seasonal load on the combine harvester of the 3rd class. It is established that with decreasing seasonal load of combine harvester of the 3rd class from 300 to 200 acres, the idle factor is increased from 0.2 to 0.8. The rational measure of downtime is equal to 0.4; the rational time between failures is nine hours and the average time for the delivery of spare parts is two hours. Reducing reliability requirements allows to increase agro-technical harvesting using different earliness of crops and different varieties. The greatest complexity of elimination of the consequences of technical failure lies in threshing and separating device, and the maximum monetary costs are necessary for the repair of the harvester motor-propulsion. Industrial implementation of research results in coordination of efficient ratio of idle time to eliminate consequences of technological failures and seasonal load of combine harvester 3 class allowed us to obtain annual economic benefits of up to 740 rub./ha.
Keywords: technical readiness, combine harvester, losses of product, elaboration’s failures, idle time.
