Authors:
O. G. LORETS, doctor of biological sciences, professor
O. V. GORELIK, doctor of agricultural sciences, professor
N. V. BELYAEVA, candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor,
URAL STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY (42 K. Liebknechta, 620075, Ekaterinburg)
Abstract. The choice of technology for growing of calves of milk period depends on the availability of conference facilities and economic opportunities of the economy. Study of features of technology of cultivation of calves with cold method was performed for the periods: birth to 3 months of age, with 3 months until the age of 1st insemination and in comparison with the traditional method of keeping heifers. To study the efficiency of growing heifers, we have conducted studies of the dynamics of the growth and development of heifers from birth to 3 months of age. It was found that lack of cold method of cultivation of young plants is an increase in consumption of litter and feed. The essential advantages of the applied method of cultivation: no large expenditures for the construction of houses and recreation resorts; natural ventilation and ultraviolet radiation; ease of cleaning and disinfection; the ability to quickly move cells to a new location; calves quickly adapt when transferring to other groups, are more resistant to respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases. Chicks have grown cold, average body mass is higher during the study period, 11.4 kg or 13.4 %. The reliable difference in favor of heifers grown at cold method of cultivation at P ≤ 0.01. It should be noted that calves reared by traditional technology, more sharply reacted to the temperature decrease. Average daily liveweight gain they have dropped 48.9 %. Whereas calves of the second group (cold method of cultivation), it remained higher than in calves of the first group 122 g or 34.8 %, although it also declined from the first month of the growing 40.35 %.
Keywords: technology, farming, calves, cold method, traditional method, the maintenance, watering, feeding.
