A. D. RESHETNIKOV, doctor of veterinary sciences, professor, chief research associate, head of the laboratory,
A. I. BARASHKOVA, candidate of biological sciences, senior research associate,
Yakut Scientific research institute of Agriculture named after M. G. Safronov (23/1 Bestuzheva-Marlinskogo Str., 677001, Yakutsk)
Abstract. Reindeer herding is a traditional, ethno-forming occupation of the small peoples of the North. In the absence of protective measures, the loss from animals to one herd of domestic reindeer with a livestock of 2000 animals on the average make 1940.84 thousand rubles, which makes it necessary to study the features of the ecology of the components of the midges, to seek means and methods for protecting animals. The work was carried out in the agrocenosis of the northwestern coastal tundra of the Municipal district “Anabar national (dolgan-evenki) ulus (district)” of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in 2013 during the migration of reindeer herding No 7 with a livestock of 2000 animals. In the study season, the number of mosquitoes recorded for deer was up to 4610 insects. We used a backpack generator “Farmate-3” with a dispersion of 70-120 μm for aqueous solutions, and as an insecticide – Butox-50. A project has been developed to protect the reindeer from blood-sucking dipterous insects and imago gadflies in the tundra zone of Yakutia. The project is protected by the Russian Federation patent No 2595831. Characteristics of the project: Ultra-low-volume spraying technology is used, the treatment time is 5–10 minutes, the treatment frequency is 2 times a day during the mass flight of the midges, the duration of the protective action is 6 hours, the consumption of 0.05 % emulsion deltamethrin 7 ml on one animal, dispersity of aerosol of 70–120 microns, economic effect on 1 ruble of expenses – 28.7 rubles. The technical effectiveness of the proposed invention is the use of an authorized preparation, a reduction in the labor intensity and harmlessness of spraying deer.
Keywords: bloodsucking mosquitoes, insects, seasonal numbers, counting, tundra, reindeer, technology, patent.
