Authors:
B. A. VORONIN, doctor of juridical sciences, professor, head of the department,
K. P. STOZHKO, doctor of historical sciences, candidate of economic sciences, professor,
Ural State Agrarian University (42 K. Liebknechta Str., 620075, Ekaterinburg)
D. K. STOZHKO, candidate of philosophy, associate professor,
Ural State Economic University (62/45 8 Marta/Narodnoy Voli, 620144, Ekaterinburg)
Abstract. The article analyzes the concept of "agrarian socialism" of the largest political party of pre-revolutionary Russia, the Socialist-Revolutionary Party (essers), based on primary sources. It was established that for the first time the main theses of the future concept of “agrarian socialism” of the Socialist-Revolutionaries were formulated in the booklet of V. M. Chernov “The Proletariat and the Labor Peasantry” (1906). During the course of the years (1907–1917), the concept of agrarian socialism evolved in the conditions of inner-party ideological struggle. The essence, content, main questions and key theses of this concept are revealed. Their assessment is given from the standpoint of the current situation. Particularly worth noting is the general democratic direction of the course to tackle the agrarian question, aimed at uniting all strata of the rural population and using peaceful means of reforming land ownership and land use. The problem of socialization of the land and its main differences from the nationalization of the land are considered in detail. A provision was made on the connection between the idea of land socialization and the general social policy of the Socialist – Revolutionary Party, aimed at the formation and strengthening of labor land ownership. The arguments of the representatives of the essers party against the preservation of large private ownership of land and the need to replace it with labor land ownership (personal, family and cooperative) are disclosed. This course received broad support among the masses and enabled the party to convoke the convocation of the Constituent Assembly and the majority of votes on it.
Keywords: agrarian socialism, land socialization, land ownership, land use, cooperation, peasantry, bourgeoisie, private property.
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