Authors:
N. A. ZABOKRITSKIY, doctor of medical sciences, senior researcher, associate professor
Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (106 Pervomayskaya Str., 620049, Ekaterinburg)
Abstract. Probiotics are considered to be the most appropriate and effective means for maintenance and correction of microecology at the optimum level in pharmacology. Probiotics are a group of medical immunobiological preparations on the basis of living bacteria of antagonistic active against pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms – causative agents of various infectious diseases and without a negative impact on the representatives of normal human microflora. As a new class of medi-cations they are increasingly used in medical and veterinary practice and the indications for their intended use are constantly expanding. Most often, the probiotic preparations are used for the prevention and treatment of acute intestinal infections and correction of dysbiotic states. Note also that such therapy is accompanied, as a rule, and positive shifts in the system of non-specific immunological defense of the body and increases the body’s resistance to adverse factors. In the available scientific literature there is an insufficient number of publications devoted to the study and the biotechnological production of various types of biologically active substances produced mainly by spore-forming microorganisms of the species Bacillus subtilis and several strains of lactic-acid bacilli. On the whole the attention of researchers is paid to some specific types of biologically active substances, methods of their allocation, the description of the physico-chemical and biochemical properties, less – to their specific effect and the physiological significance in relation to the various tissues, organs and systems of the human body. Quite a large number of works are devoted to the issues of obtaining on an industrial scale of some biologically active substances, mainly antibiotics, amino acids and enzymes. At the same time, we note that in general, the problem of systematic study of the metabolites of probiotic bacteria because of its complexity is still quite far from the final solution. It concerns the synthesis of biologically active substances under various conditions of cultivation of probiotic microorganisms, qualitative and quantitative composition of the components of biologically active substances, their mutual relations, the improvement of methods of isolation, purification, etc.
Keywords: probiotics, produced metabolites, new pharmacological drug for veterinary medicine, prospects of development.
