About the Journal

Authors:

A. Yu. KEKALO, candidate of agricultural sciences, leading researcher,

V. V. NEMCHENKO, doctor of agricultural sciences, senior researcher,

KURGAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE (9 Lenin Str., 641325, v. Sadovoe, Kurgan region)

Abstract. For the protection of seeds and shoots from the defeat of phytopathogenic fungi, located on (in) the seed and living in the soil, the treatment of seeds with drugs is applied. Simultaneously with fungicides, growth regulators can be used to increase seed quality and stimulate plant growth and development. Etching has several advantages over other ways of using fungicides. First, unlike spraying, the active substance is in immediate proximity to the place where it is needed. This provides targeted and intensive protection against diseases in the early stages of plant development. Secondly, in the case of pro-baiting per 1 hectare a small amount of the active substance of chimikat is introduced, which rapidly decomposes in the soil and is absent in the crop. The aim of the research is to study the effectiveness of fungicidal seed propagators on spring soft wheat for selecting the most effective ones, improving the phytosanitary state of crops, increasing the productivity of the crop and the quality of the grain. Field experiments were conducted in the years 2010–2016. Predecessor is pure steam. Observations and inventories were carried out according to generally accepted methods. The choice of the disinfectant should be carried out on the basis of a set of factors: the results of the phyto-analysis of seeds, identifying the species composition of the pathogens, the degree of infection, the spectrum of the drug itself, the phytosanitary situation of previous seasons, and the degree of resistance of the variety to diseases. Seed disinfectants allowed to save 11–16 % of the crop (with a yield level of 19 dt/ha), raising the level of profitability of production by 10–13 %.