Authors:
A. I. BARASHKOVA, candidate of biological sciences, senior research associate,
A. D. RESHETNIKOV, doctor of veterinary sciences, professor, chief research associate,
YAKUT SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE NAMED AFTER M. G. SAFRONOV (23/1 Bestuzheva-Marlinskogo Str., 677001, Yakutsk)
Abstract. The purpose of the research is to study the fauna and ecology of the horseflies from coastal tundra of Yakutia. The fauna of horseflies of Yakutia was studied by many researchers, but we didn’t find any information in the available literature about the habitation of horseflies in the coastal tundra of the Republic. The experimental part of the work was performed during the migrations of reindeer herd No 7 MUE named after Hero of Labor Ilya Spiridonov of Anabar district of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) from the tundra zone to the coast of the Gulf of Khatanga with the number of animals more than 2000 units in 2013. Anabar district is located within 70.8–74.5°C N and 110.5–120.5°C E. The summer season of 2013 at the Anabar area in the coastal tundra of Yakutia in the second decade of June was characterized by warming. In the third decade of July daytime temperatures consistently rose to 19.5–29.8oC and night temperatures did not drop below 12.0–15oC which contributed to the departure of single adult flies on July 24th, 2013 at 16–17 hours – 1 individual Hybomitra montana near the reindeer turnbuckle. The 10–12th of August there was an increase in daily temperature +23.2...+27°C was marked by the flight of single female horseflies H. nigricornis again. With further observation the flight of the imago flies had not been registered, which was associated with a decrease in day and night air temperatures. Fauna of horseflies of the Yakutian coastal tundra is represented by two species – Hybomitra montana montana и H. nigricornis. The total duration of the flight of horseflies in 2013 to the date of the first appearance of flies and capturing the last ones was 20 days (from 24 July to 12 August, 2013). However, cold and strong winds that followed by the appearance of the first flies for 16 days (from 25th of July, 2013 to 8th of September, 2013) completely interrupted their activity, the resumption of the flight of flies was noted on August 10–12th, in connection with which the flight lasted 4 days (24th of July, 2013 and 10–12th of August, 2013).
Keywords: horseflies, fauna, ecology, destruction, reindeer, tundra, pasture.
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