About the Journal

Authors:

V. F. GRIDIN, doctor of agricultural sciences, professor, chief research worker,

S. L. GRIDINA, doctor of agricultural sciences, chief research worker,

URAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE (21 Glavnaya Str., 620061, Ekaterinburg)

Abstract.  Monitoring and identifying further ways of development of selection and breeding work in the whole Ural region require synthesis of material and analysis on the productivity of cows and development of rearing, what is the purpose of this work. The article presents the development of rearing in herd enterprises by age periods in constituent entities of the Urals region and the subsequent influence of these parameters on milk production of cows. It is established that in the region there are 222 herd organizations, which contain 159.4 thousand breeding stock with productivity of 6 781 kg of milk. This allows for the sale of 14.2 thousand heads of repair young growth. However, the volume of sales is 8.9 % of the breeding stock, at the rate of 10 %. Rearing is performed in accordance with the zootechnical standards, while the best results were observed in the farms of the Sverdlovsk and Tyumen regions – heifers of 18-months of age have a live weight of 389 kg. Intensive rearing has provided a further milk productivity of cows in these areas at the level of 6402–6734 kg. Significant productivity of the breeding stock is provided by using for breeding bulls of Holstein breed having high genetic potential. Heifers have productivity of 12 499 kg of milk with mass fraction of fat of 4.15 %, and mothers of the bulls – 14 019 kg and 3.99 % respectively. Plenty of sperm accumulated at JSC Uralplemtsentr. Ongoing breeding work increases productivity as a whole by region and individual enterprises. The record yield obtained in the JLC “Kilachevsky” – 10 196 kg of milk.