Authors:
L. B. KARENGINA, candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor,
Y. L. BAYKIN, candidate of agricultural sciences, associate professor, head of department,
URAL STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY (42 K. Liebknechta, 620075, Ekaterinburg)
Abstract. In microfield experiments on dark gray forest heavy loamy soil we studied the effect of different food backgrounds on efficiency and effectiveness of the biological fertilizer barley and wheat. Status of mineral nutrition of plants and fertilizer efficiency was evaluated by the following parameters: the degree of consumption by plants elements (rate of consumption efficiency – CEP); return without saving (agronomic efficiency – AE); consumed plants (physiological efficiency – PV); bio-accumulation factor – CBN. Wheat yield on mineral background increases by 52 % to 62 %, organo barley – at 45 and 48 %, respectively, compared to the extensive background. Despite the fact that the difference in yields between the mineral grains and organic background is negligible and is within statistical error, both for barley and wheat, biological indicators of the ef- fectiveness are higher for the organic-food background. Removal of nutrients with the crop is somewhat higher in the embodiment with mineral and organic fertilizer: nitrogen – 8.3, phosphorus – 3.7, potassium – 4.7 kg, compared with the background mineral nutrition. The magnitude of yield increase compared to control doesn’t always allow to assess the effectiveness of fertilizers. Calculation of the biological effectiveness of the use of fertilizers provides more information. When fertilizer barley physiological efficiency more on the background of mineral nutrition, and effective absorption coefficient on organomineral. It should be noted that the coefficient accumulation in both biological fertilizer backgrounds virtually identical.
Keywords: dark-gray forest soil, barley, wheat, food background, product of biological effectiveness.
