Authors:
B. L. OKHOTNIKOV, doctor of technical sciences, professor,
P. V. KUZNETSOV, senior lecturer,
A. L. OBUKHOV, post-graduate student,
URAL STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY (42 K. Liebknechta, 620075, Ekaterinburg)
Abstract. Saving of social labour, taking into account the maximum increase in productivity and reduction of product costs, should be a criterion to assess the production effectiveness. Comparing options, specialists recommend using cost figures as overall indices of productivity as well. To determine the effectiveness of measures for different levels of the system it is reasonable to use different criteria. To assess technologies used to produce agricultural goods and planned mechanical equipment, we can use labour costs, operating and total costs, energy consumption, investment and crop yield as the criteria. The level of social labour productivity is a methodological foundation for assessing agricultural equipment when there are different options of technical solutions aimed at choosing the most effective one. As the content of socially necessary costs has not been determined so far, it is recommended to use total costs which are the sum of current production expenses and a standard profit. Mechanical equipment to cultivate agricultural crops can affect the conditions for growing of plants and the yield. Calculating the economic effectiveness, the criteria must take into account overall expenses. The analysis of results relating to definite conditions showed that it is worth using the yield of potato, labour costs and funds to produce goods and a unit of area, productivity of equipment, losses of goods and performance indices.
Keywords: set of machines, assessment criteria, tractor unit, potato, firming of soil, productivity, energy consumption, labour intensity, operating costs.
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