Authors:
D. I. Eremin,
M. N. Мoiseeva,
A. V. Lyubimova
Research Institute of Agriculture of the Northern Trans-Urals – branch of the Federal Research Center of the Tyumen Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tyumen, Russia
State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals, Tyumen, Russia
E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Abstract. The purpose is to study the genetic and agrotechnological features of the formation of the sowing qualities of oat grain at various agricultural backgrounds in the forest-steppe of the Trans-Urals. Materials and methods. The research was carried out on an experimental field located in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals. The object of the study were three varieties of oats, which were sown on different agricultural grounds, ensuring the formation of yields from 3.0 to 6.0 t/ha of grain. The mass of 1000 grains, the proportion of fine grains, germination energy and laboratory germination were determined. Results. On the natural agricultural background, the Talisman and Otrada varieties form a yield of 1.41 and 1.85 t/ha with a fraction of fine grain (< 2.0 mm) up to 11 %. In the Foma variety on the natural agricultural background, this indicator was 7.5 %. The introduction of mineral fertilizers for the planned yield from 3.0 to 5.0 t/ha reduces the amount of fine grain only in the Talisman and Foma varieties. Grain with high sowing qualities is formed on a natural agricultural background and when fertilizers are applied to the planned yield of 3.0 t/ha. The grain obtained on such variants had 72–76 % germination energy and 91-93% laboratory germination. Grain obtained at a high and very high agricultural background had low sowing indicators: germination energy and laboratory germination reached minimum values: 57–59 and 61–63 %, respectively. It was found that the mass of 1000 grains depends on fertilizers by 23.4 % and 30.0 % on the weather conditions of the growing season. Varietal characteristics account for 9.6 %. Laboratory germination of the studied varieties by 86.8 % depends on the level of mineral nutrition. Scientific novelty. For the first time for the Northern Trans-Urals, an optimal level of agricultural background has been established, providing maximum yield of oat grain with high sowing qualities. Recommendations. In the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Urals, the cultivation of oats for seed purposes is recommended in fields with an average or increased agricultural background, designed to obtain yields of 3.0 and 4.0 t/ha.
Keywords: varieties of intensive type, planned yield, seed material, high agricultural background, germination energy, laboratory germination, indicator of the strength of influence, genetics of the variety, mineral fertilizers.
For citation: Eremin D. I., Мoiseeva M. N., Lyubimova A. V. Geneticheskiye i agrotekhnologicheskiye osobennosti formirovaniya posevnykh kachestv ovsa pri razlichnom urovne mineral’nogo pitaniya [Genetic and agrotechnological features of the formation of sowing qualities of oats at different levels of mineral nutrition] // Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2022. No. 08 (223). Pp. 27‒38. DOI: 10.32417/1997-4868-2022-223-08-27-38. (In Russian.)
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