Аuthor: V. P. MOTREVICH, doctor of historical sciences, professor, head of department,
Ural State Agricultural University (42 K. Libknehta Str., 620075, Ekaterinburg; tel: +7 (912) 283-04-14; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.)
Аuthors: In the article were examined the problem of the extent and dynamics of agricultural production in the republics and regions of the Ural region during the Great Patriotic war. For the research were used data on gross output of agriculture in terms of value. Showed if there is an indicator of the state of agriculture as “gross output of agriculture in terms of value” shown advantages and disadvantages. The analysis of the results of agricultural production on certain categories of farms (farms, collective farms, individual farms farmers, workers and employees and individual farmers), conclusions about the change in their role in wartime. Since the beginning of the 1930s, the largest of its manufacturer were collective farms. However, since 1942, has clearly been a trend decline in the absolute size of farm production. It is shown that in some regions the share of cooperatives was different. The most prominent role of collective farms was in the Autonomous republics, Kurgan, Orenburg and Perm regions. In the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions with a predominance of the urban population, the role of collective farms was much lower. According to the author, the war caused enormous damage to the country’s agriculture not only in Western but also in the Eastern parts of the country. In the Ural republics and regions, even though they were in the deep rear, size of production was much below pre-war. Analysis of the development of agriculture in the region shows that not only in 1942, as it was in other branches of the military economy, but also of 1943 did not become a turning point for him. A rise in industry there has been only in 1944 data about the size of agricultural production suggests that, to the greatest extent it decreased in megaselling areas of the southern Urals. In the Non-Chernozem regions, where the load sowing was lower and specialization of farms wider production has not declined significantly. Based on the analysis of cost indicators attempt to determine the contribution of agriculture of the republics and regions of the Ural region in the victory in the Great Patriotic war.
Keywords: gross production, agriculture, Ural, cost indicators, statistics, comparable rates, state agricultural enterprises, collective farms, private farms of farmers, farm workers and employees, the management of individual farmers.
