Authors:
O. V. BELOОKOVA, candidate of agricultural sciences, assistant of department,
O. G. LORETZ, doctor of biological sciences, professor,
O. V. GORELIK, doctor of agricultural sciences, professor,
South Ural State Agricultural University (13 Gagarina str., 457100, Troitsk, Chelyabinsk region),
Ural State Agrarian University (42 K. Liebknehta str., 620075, Ekaterinburg).
Abstract. The positive influence of effective microorganisms in the composition of the preparation «Baikal EM1» and «EM-Kurung», fed to pregnant cows, keeping the calves, the composition and properties of colostrum and reproductive ability of cows. The most biologically complete colostrum obtained from cows of the 2nd experimental group, it has more dry matter by 1.55 points, than in the colostrum of cows of the control group (P < 0.01), and 0.42 points – 1st experimental group. Dry matter content in the colostrum of cows of the 1st experimental group was higher by 1.13 points, compared with the control, the difference significant at P < 0.05. The greatest importance in nursing it is impossible to calves colostrum are proteins. They differ from the proteins of milk as its fractional composition. In our studies, the content of total protein in the colostrum of cows of the experimental groups was significantly higher in 1st group by 0.79 % (P < 0.05), while the 2nd – 1.14 % (P < 0.01) in comparison with the control, the content of whey proteins is higher by 0.86 % (P < 0.05) and 1.09 % (P < 0.001) respectively. Thus, the colostrum obtained from cows of the 2nd experimental group had a higher immune properties. Over the study period in all groups were diseased calves. In the control group, six ill calves or 60 %, in 1st and 2nd experimental groups of ten newborn calves sore for four heads, which is 33 % lower than in the control. According to our results, all cows in the three groups were inseminated, however, fertilization from the first insemination of cows of the experimental groups was higher (52 %) than in the control group (44 %).
Keywords: colostrum, calf, preservation, reproductive ability.
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