Authors:
YU. A. OVSYANNIKOV, doctor of agricultural sciences, associate professor, professor of chair,
Ural State Agrarian University (42 K. Libknekhta str., 620075, Ekaterinburg; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.).
Abstract. In Russia, where there have been significant changes in recent years in economic development, the standard of living of the population and the availability of food, there have been noticeable differences in the consumption of food by individual social groups. To study this issue, observations were made of food consumption in families with garden plots and growing potatoes, vegetables and other orchard crops. To this end, during the calendar year, a full registration of all food products purchased in trade networks and produced in garden plots was carried out. An analysis of these data shows that there are significant differences and volumes of food consumption between that part of the population that has the opportunity to grow horticultural crops and the rest. Significant differences are observed for all indicators of consumption, excluding milk and dairy products. In ordinary families consumption of bread products reaches 122 kg/year, and in the studied group, only 87 kg/year. In the first case, the excess of the established norms is 27 %. Even more significant differences are observed in vegetable consumption. In the study group, it reached 147 kg, which is slightly higher than the recommended levels. At the same time in the diet of another part of the population of the Sverdlovsk region there is a sharp shortage of this component. Its consumption was only 95 kg, which is only 68 % of the norm. In the diet of the population of the Sverdlovsk region there is also a slight excess of potato consumption rates. Its total consumption is 97 kg at the established rate of 90 kg. This can be the result both inadequate availability of other products, and traditional features of nutrition of Russians. If we consider in general food rations for the population of the Sverdlovsk region and the group under test, it should be noted that families that have the opportunity to grow horticultural crops, despite the lower meat consumption and higher consumption of fruit and vegetable products, have a more complete diet. Therefore, one of the areas for improving the nutrition of the population and improving the food security of Russia is not only the development of agricultural production, but also the fullest possible contribution to the garden and garden activities.
Keywords: food, nutrition norms, nature of food, garden and garden crops, garden areas, consumption, social groups.
