Authors:
E. A. BABICH,
graduate student, head of the laboratory,
Kostanay Research Institute of Agriculture (12 Yubileynaya Str., 111108, Zarechnyi, Kazakhstan)
L. Yu. OVCHINNIKOVA, doctor of agricultural sciences, professor,
South Ural State Agrarian University (13 Gagarina Str., 457100, Troitsk)
Abstract. Dairy cattle breeding is a resource-intensive industry with a long production cycle and payback period. Therefore, the choice of competitive breeds for breeding is very important. Duration of economic use of cows can be divided into two periods: unproductive, which lasts from the birth of heifer to calving and productive – from the first calving to the retirement of the cow. The aim of the research was to study the influence of origin on the growth and reproductive performance of animals of the intra-breed type of black-headed cattle “Karatomar” from birth to productive insemination. The dynamics of growth of calves from birth to 18 months was studied. It should be noted that the calves obtained from the bulls of Orbit 4078 and Lowrider 4129 differed by more intensive growth in the after-milk period. At the age of 15 months, they outnumbered the daughters of the Yamal bull 975 by 22.4–20.8 kg, or 7.04–6.50 %, respectively. The difference is significant at P ≤ 0.01. This positively affected their reproductive functions. The age of fruitful insemination of daughters Orbit 4078 and Lowrider 4129 averaged 522.7 and 526.4 days, which is 35.5 and 31.8 days less than for the children of Yamal offspring 975. Therefore, the use of improved bulls in the breeding stock, in the offspring of which early maturity is manifested, is the main reserve for reducing the cost of milk.
Keywords: bulls-producers, heifers, reproduction, fruitful insemination, number of inseminations, intensity of growth.
