Authors:
I. Yu. POTOROKO, doctor of technical sciences, professor
I. V. KALININA, сandidate of technical sciences,
South Ural State University (National Research University) (76 Lenina Ave., 454080, Chelyabinsk)
D. IVANOVA, doctor of biological sciences, professor
I. D. KISELOVA-KANEVA, doctor of biological sciences
Medical University named after Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov (84 Tsar Osvoboditel Blv., 9002, Varna, Bulgaria)
Abstract. The article is devoted to a research of action of a low frequency ultrasound (22 ± 1,65 kHz) on an extraction level biologically of the active components from vegetable raw materials. For the first time Betalain was selected from beet (Beta vulgaris L.), as is known, this group of connections has powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Some researches are specified that betalain is capable to neutralize toxins and to support natural process of a detoxication of cells and also reduce amount of the enzymes causing inflammation. During extraction process of colorants together with them the accompanying substances which then to have an adverse effect on properties of dye are derived. For this reason allocation of pigments from raw materials without decrease in technological and physiological properties is a difficult task Experimentally it is justified that for effective extraction biologically of the active agents ultrasonic influence in the mode is applicable: power is 180 W, time of influence – 5 min. Has been set, this mode of ultrasonic influence is saving on average on 8 ... 12 % of a betanin of the direct extraction beet juice. Application of lyophilic drying of juice allows to save the biological active components and their ratio in the extract. Spectrophotometric method of a research of extracts gives an objective assessment to stability of betalanin in case of influence of an ultrasound of different power and duration. The absorption maximum is reached in case of wavelength – 477 nanometers, power – 70 % during 1 ... 3 minutes and 538 nanometers, power – 50 and 70 %, 5 and 1 minutes. In technology of dry water-soluble extract from vegetative raw materials, it is possible to select processes of maceration, the low-temperature and ultrasonic processing which give the substantial increase of efficiency of extraction of biologically active components.
Keywords: extraction, betanin, ultrasonic influence, sublimation drying.
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