E. S. Doroshenko, N. V. Shishkin, O. S. Kononenko
Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”, Zernograd, Russia
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Volume 25 No. 8
Date of paper submission: 05.02.2025, date of review: 17.03.2025, date of acceptance: 07.05.2025
Published: 08/31/2025
Abstract. The purpose of the current study was to conduct a qualitative estimation of the immunological response of barley during their milky-waxy stage of ripeness to such common smut diseases as loose smut and covered smut; to identify samples with high and practical resistance to pathogens to introduce them into the breeding process. The methods for developing a high-quality infectious background and infecting plants with pathogens during the study were those recommended by the FSBSI VIZR. Inoculation with loose smut was carried out during the flowering period using a vacuum device. Infection with covered smut spores was carried out on seed material. The objects of the study were winter and spring barley samples bred by the Center, as well as other domestic and foreign breeding institutions. The study was conducted in years of 2022–2024 at the artificial infectious background in an isolated infectious plot of the laboratory for plant immunity and protection of the ARC “Donskoy”. Results. Over the years of study, there have been identified the promising breeding lines of the Center with high resistance to loose and covered smut among winter (Pallidum 2100, Parallelum 2120, Parallelum 2136, Parallelum 2146, Parallelum 2149, Parallelum 2156) and spring barley (Zernogradsky 1955, Zernogradskiy 1917, Zernogradskiy 1918, Zernogradskiy 1942). There have been identified the varieties of domestic and foreign breeding that demonstrated resistance to a complex of smut diseases. Among winter forms, they were Kupets, Espada, Vanya (RF), Dostoynyy and Akademichnyy (Ukraine), etc. Among spring barley, there have been identified such varieties of domestic breeding as Talovskiy 9, Ikorets, Tamlyk, Eney, Yarovit, Bulat, Skif, Magnit, etc. The barley varieties developed by the ARC “Donskoy”, included in the State List of Breeding Achievements of the RF and approved for use in production over the years of the study, were less damaged by pathogens than susceptible variety differentiators. There has been recommended seed treatment before sowing for the unfavorable epiphytotic regions.
Keywords: winter barley, spring barley, pathogen, resistance, damage, manifestation, loose smut, covered smut
Acknowledgments. The study was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia No. 0505-2022-0003.
For citation: Doroshenko E. S., Shishkin N. V., Kononenko O. S. Immunological response of winter and spring barley to smut diseases. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2025; 25 (08): 1164‒1176. https://doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2025-25-08-1164-1176 (In Russ.)
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